Six ways to fill a role, one right answer per situation.

How each talent acquisition model is paid, who owns the process, and where it earns its keep.

Folium SearchTA Model Comparison
◂ Pay only for outcomes Fixed cost, permanent ownership ▸
ContingencyNo risk
Contract RecruiterTime
RPOOutsourced
EmbeddedRetainer
Retained SearchUpfront
Full-Time HireHeadcount
ModelHow you payExclusivityTimelineWho owns the processBest fit
ContingencyPay on placement 15–25% of first-year salary, only if you hire None. Two to four firms often race the same role Fast on common roles, stalls on niche ones Agency sources. You run screening, interviews, close Well-defined mid-level roles where zero upfront risk beats depth
Contract RecruiterPay for time Hourly or monthly rate, paid regardless of hires Exclusive. Works your reqs inside your ATS Fixed term, typically 3–9 months Runs full-cycle recruiting. Process stays yours Covering a leave or absorbing a short burst of open roles
RPOOutsourced function Management fee plus per-hire or cost-per-hire Exclusive and contractual, usually multi-year Ramps over months, built for sustained volume Vendor owns process, tech, and reporting High-volume ongoing hiring you want run for you end to end
Embedded / FractionalIn-house, on tap Flat monthly retainer, scoped by concurrent roles Exclusive. Your team, your tools, your brand Engagement-length, typically 3–12 months Builds the function and hands it off, not just hires Seed–Series B companies needing senior TA now and process after
Retained SearchDedicated, upfront 25–35% of salary or flat fee, billed in installments Fully exclusive, single firm, deep partnership Slower and thorough, opens with market mapping Search firm owns the search start to close Executive, confidential, or specialized roles where a miss is costly
Full-Time HirePermanent headcount Salary, benefits, and tooling, fixed whatever the volume N/A. They are your team Weeks to hire, then indefinite tenure Total ownership, knowledge compounds internally Steady predictable volume that justifies a standing seat

Who actually uses each model

By stage, volume, and hiring shape
Pre-seed & Seed
Under 25 people · 3–10 hires/yr

Founder-led hiring off networks. Volume is too low and too lumpy to justify anyone permanent, and cash is the constraint, so risk gets pushed onto the vendor.

Contingency Fractional Retained (key exec) RPO Full-time TA
Series A–B
25–200 people · 15–60 hires/yr

The inflection point. Hiring is constant but uneven, process is breaking, and founders are still interviewing everyone. Most companies here need a function built, not a stack of resumes.

Embedded / Fractional Contract Recruiter First full-time recruiter Retained (VP+)
Series C & growth
200–1,000 people · 60–250 hires/yr

Volume is now predictable enough to carry fixed cost. In-house team becomes the default, with outside help layered on for surges, hard-to-fill functions, and leadership.

In-house TA team Retained Search Contract (surge) RPO (volume pods)
Enterprise
1,000+ people · 250+ hires/yr

Scale, compliance, and cost-per-hire drive the decision. Recruiting runs as an operation, and outsourcing is a procurement decision rather than a capacity one.

Full-time TA org RPO Retained (C-suite) Contingency

How industry changes the answer

Same stage, different default
B2B SaaSCompressed hiring cycles and heavy GTM churn. Leans embedded and contract through Series B, with retained reserved for first VP of Sales or Head of Engineering.
Health tech & biotechScarce, credentialed talent and long approval-driven timelines. Leans retained and embedded, since specialist searches reward depth over speed.
High-volume opsRetail, logistics, healthcare systems, and support centers. Repeatable requisitions at scale make RPO and in-house teams the economic answer.
PE-backed & turnaroundHiring arrives in bursts around a thesis or integration. Leans retained for leadership plus fractional capacity that flexes down between waves.
Rule of thumb: match the model to the shape of the demand, not the size of the invoice. Bursty hiring rewards flexible models. Steady hiring rewards fixed ones.